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There were firecrackers in parts of the country as news came, from the
LTTE 'capital' of Kilinochchi that their political wing chief S.P.
Tamilselvan had died in an aerial attack by the Sri Lanka Air Force.
The Government itself, correctly, remained muted, except for some
remarks attributed to Defence Secretary Lt. Col (Ret.) Gotabhaya
Rajapaksa when he told wire services, "This is a message that we know
their leaders' location… this confirms that our information is very
accurate".
To Reuters, he went one step further saying, " I know the locations of
all their leaders… that if we want to we can take them one by one..".
The full political, and military fallout of the incident however, will
unfold in the weeks to come. The Tigers will look for retribution, no
doubt, and the Government is confident that it is equal to the task.
But the immediate focus for the Government, no doubt, remains the
upcoming Budget. The question raised this week is whether the posture
of the Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna (JVP), a staunch backer of the
military campaign against the LTTE, will veer around to support the
Government in the budget. Though the thought preoccupied particularly
the opposition political parties, the JVP maintained a stoic silence on
the issue.
In the run-up to the budget, there have been
multiple price revisions. The price of powdered milk has shot up,
dramatically resulting in a rise in the price of a cup of milk tea. In
kiosks and restaurants, the haunts of the common man, the price has
risen to Rs 25 per cup. LP gas prices were raised by Rs 15 per
cylinder. Authoritative sources said major price increases, one in fuel
and the other in electricity tariffs, would follow after the budget.
The JVP has been organising protests against the rising cost of living,
with its MPs spearheading these protests against the Government. In
these circumstances, to vote with the budget is going to make them look
silly, to say the least. Their attempts to run with the hare and hunt
with the hound may turn a cropper once the Common Man begins to feel
that they are playing a duplicitous role in national politics.
Nevertheless, they are still in a pickle. If they vote for the Budget,
they will look duplicitous. If they vote against the Budget, they open
themselves to triggering a General Election, where they might end up
with less than the 39 seats they won in 2004 coming forward in a
no-contest pact with the People's Alliance (PA).
The Government has seen a window of opportunity to exploit in the
circumstances. It unleashed its latest spokesman, Minister Rajitha
Senaratne, to say that there are some UNP MPs waiting to cross-over to
the Government, and that once that happens the JVP can be the largest
single party in the Opposition, and even claim the Leader of the
Opposition post.
The killing of
Tamilselvan, some political analysts believe, will also embolden the
Rajapaksa administration. With this being viewed as a major military
victory, particularly in the light of the October 22 attack on the
airbase at Anuradhapura, they believe getting the JVP's support to end
the war with the LTTE will receive priority over the cost-of-living
issue which the JVP is howling against.
There was a hint of this yesterday when the JVP held a news conference
on the Tamilselvan's death. They were clearly happy over the incident.
JVP's propaganda secretary Wimal Weerawansa had often referred to the
LTTE political chief as the 'smiling cobra' as being party to killings
after killings and smiling through all of them.
But importantly, it would appear that the pro-Government elements of
the JVP, have used the incident as a handle to leverage the Party over
the anti-Government elements who are raising other issues such as the
C-o-L and corruption. Privately one of the senior MPs told The Sunday
Times on the sidelines of the news conference; "We will consider the
contents of the Budget, and also the political situation, before
deciding on how to vote".
The
important words there are… "and the political situation". The
'political situation' means the war against the LTTE - and whether to
make way for the UNP to win a forthcoming General Election, the sine
qua non to the Government losing the Budget vote. This is the licence
the JVP is going to use to vote for the Budget.
Not to be outdone by Minister Rajitha Senarathne's proclamation about
more UNPers crossing over to the Government , and the Leader of the
Opposition seat going to the JVP, the UNP's National Organiser S.B.
Dissanayake went public saying that there were 20 Government MPs
willing to join the UNP with the Budget. He was clearly indicating that
among the 20 he had in mind, most of them were from the 17 that left
the UNP in February this year to join the Rajapaksa administration.
Earlier, he is reported to have told the UNP hierarchy that if its
Leader Ranil Wickremesinghe could offer the Deputy Prime Ministership
to former Foreign Minister Mangala Samaraweera, were he to bring over
20 MPs from the Government to the Opposition, should not the same offer
be open to him (S.B. Dissanayake) if he could perform the same magic.
The numbers game is now in full play, with the minority parties joining
in the party. The passage of the Budget in Parliament is certain to
strengthen President Rajapaksa's hand in the year ahead. Thus, these
analysts say that will allow the Government to adopt a tough line in
tackling day-to-day issues.
On
Monday, the Government issued a horrendous Gazette notification that
was going to, in effect, impose a censorship on military-related news.
It came exactly a week after the Tiger guerrilla attack on the Air
Force base at Anuradhapura. Emergency Regulations promulgated last
Monday prohibited media reportage of any "matter which pertains to any
proposed operations or military activity to be carried out by the armed
forces or the Police (including the Special Task Force)." That in
effect was a total censorship that would have left Sri Lankans and the
world outside to believe only what the Media Centre for National
Security (MCNS) says as the sacred truth on military matters including
operations.
That is not all. The
Regulations also prohibited reportage on "proposed acquisition of arms,
ammunition or other equipment, including aircraft or naval vessels by
the Armed Forces or the Police Force (including the Special Task
Force)." The Regulations said, "this is for the purpose of maintaining
or protecting national security, territorial integrity and sovereignty
of Sri Lanka."
The drama that followed the printing and distribution of the
Prohibition on Publication and Transmission of Sensitive Military
Information Regulations No. 6 of 2007 is a chapter by itself on
governance or the lack of it in Sri Lanka. The Ministry of Defence sent
the draft regulations to President Rajapakasa. He signed them. When it
went to the Government Printer, they were told to go ahead and print it
immediately. In view of the hurry, no proof was required they were
informed.
Number 1521/3 was
allotted to the Gazette Extraordinary under the signature of President
Rajapaksa. It was dated October 29, the day he had signed it. Copies
were ready on Wednesday. Early copies were to reach the media. News
agencies moved stories worldwide that spoke of a total censorship and
ban on reportage of military procurements. It was the talking point in
diplomatic and political circles. Questions were raised as to why such
a drastic step was being taken by the Ministry of Defence. The
Government came under pressure. The news soon reached the President.
Government officials were telephoning the Government Printer again.
This time they wanted to know whether the printing of the Gazette
Extraordinary could be halted. When told it was not possible, they
asked whether the distribution could be stopped. That too, it was
pointed out, was not possible since numbers have been allotted, the
Gazette printed and some copies have gone out. Then officials at the
President's Office began informing the media that the Regulations were
being withdrawn.
Later in the
night, a statement from the Presidential Secretariat claimed the
Regulations were promulgated "to enable taking necessary legal action,
with regard to the false and incorrect information about national
security and matters relating to defence, recently reported by ABC
Radio and other electronic media organisations with a view to
misleading the public…." It noted that…….."it is now observed that the
media is acting with responsibility and greater care…"
Firstly, the ABC radio, by its own admission, had reported erroneously
that a group of guerrillas had attacked a village in the boundary of
Yala. This had caused an exodus of civilians to the Tissamaharama town.
But, the Regulations deal with "any matter which pertains to proposed
operations or military activity…." Hence, the ABC radio report has no
relevance to Monday's Regulations. In fact, as punishment, five
different broadcast networks of ABC have been shut down even before the
new Regulations were promulgated.
Secondly, the statement from the Presidential Secretariat is completely
silent on why a ban was clamped down on reporting the acquisition of
"arms, ammunition and other equipment" for the Armed Forces and the
Police. Thus, the reasons given and the learned judgement that the
media is now "acting with responsibility" is much worse than the
Regulations themselves.
An
entirely different explanation for the introduction of the Regulations
came from Media Minister Anura Priyadarshana Yapa. He said it was
intended to prevent communal clashes. That again was comical enough.
How could reportage on impending military operations or other military
matters prevent communal clashes? Strange indeed are the contradictory
signals that come out of the Government.
President Rajapaksa signed the new Regulations only a day after his
brother and Defence Secretary, Gotabhaya Rajapaksa, gave a lengthy live
television interview simultaneously to three different networks,
Rupavahini, ITN, both state owned, and the privately owned
Swarnavahini. Referring to the Tiger guerrilla attack on the Air Force
base at Katunayake, he said "if there were some kind of losses, the
President needs to know, the Cabinet needs to know and Parliament needs
to know.
There are some things
that need not be revealed. Is there any use of this information to the
people? What they want to know is if this is going on well. People
don't need to know about the nuts and bolts. This is not done in any
country. There is no need for it as well." Was this a forerunner that
the Emergency Regulations were being signed the next day?
The Defence Secretary also made it a point to say he does not read The
Sunday Times because it was not good for his "morale." However, he made
comments on last week's Situation Report in The Sunday Times after
being told by someone that our newspaper had reported that eight
Chinese-built K-8 trainer aircraft were destroyed. He claimed the Air
Force had only one K-8. However, The Sunday Times account was accurate.
It said one K-8 was destroyed and five others inside the hangar were
damaged. Hence, whoever said that to him has not read The Sunday Times.
The Defence Secretary's
assertions raise more questions than they seek to answer. Does that
mean that the people who are funding the Government's 'war on terror'
need to know only about only "successes"? Should the setbacks be kept
away from them? It has never happened during the near two decades of
fighting between Security Forces and the Tiger guerrillas except for
periodic censorship being in force. Not even during the worst debacles
in the Wanni in 1999. Those who run the military machine should avoid
trying to run the media machine too. Contrary to claims, military
losses are indeed reported in other countries too, i.e. the
democracies.
Despite assurances
that the regulations would be rescinded, they still remain. A
government source said a gazette notification rescinding the
regulations was ready but it had not yet been signed by the President
as he was away in Tangalle.
Nevertheless, the fact that the Regulations saw the light of day
underscores a clear message - that a formidable if not influential
section in the defence establishment is not in favour of sharing the
bad news with the people who support their efforts. This is ostensibly
on the grounds of troop morale, an easy shield to hide their
embarrassment and shortcomings not to mention the adverse publicity.
Even before the news media reports on setbacks or debacles, it is the
troops who get to know it first. So, if the argument is that it affects
morale, the best way to avoid them is to prevent such incidents from
taking place.
Even if they are
not legislated for, it is an accepted norm among media worldwide that
no impending military operations are reported in advance. There are
exceptions, like for example, when an ambitious politician or top
military official declares his intentions. Why then make provision in
the Emergency Regulations? The danger lies in the fact that it is a
Competent Authority, without doubt a Government nominee, who determines
the violations that can send media persons to jail terms ranging from
three months to five years. It is he or she who will order presses to
shut down or seize broadcast equipment. Even an innocuous report on a
passing out parade, it could be argued, could be construed as one that
involves passing information to the enemy.
The move to ban reportage of "proposed acquisition of arms, ammunition
or other equipment" by the Armed Forces and the Police is more
pernicious. On July 30, 2007 through a Gazette Extraordinary, the
Government promulgated the Restriction on the Procurement of Certain
Items Regulations No. 5 of 2007. This prohibits Sri Lankans from
engaging in any military procurement.
Those doing so will be guilty of an offence punishable with rigorous
imprisonment for a period not less than three months and not more than
five years. With this move, the sole authority for all military
procurements is the state owned Lanka Logistics and Services Ltd. This
company does not come under the purview of the Auditor General.
With the monopoly in Government hands, any move to prohibit reportage
on all military procurements will mean such activity will be carried
out in absolute secrecy. That is without any need for transparency.
Under such circumstances, the media will be debarred from exposing any
corrupt activity. The best example is the procurement of MiG-27 fighter
jets from Ukraine - a deal which is allegedly tainted with serious
irregularities and corruption. A Parliamentary Select Committee is now
expected to probe this matter.
The
Government's touchy reactions to matters military, particularly when
there are setbacks for the military, is not without reason. In the
light of the mounting cost of living, with prices of essential consumer
items rising rapidly, it is pinning its hopes almost entirely on the
war effort. At least this week, the pendulum has swung back in
Government's favour with the killing of LTTE Political Wing leader,
S.P. Tamilselvan, and five other senior members of the LTTE Military
Wing.
 Sunday Times |